如何在UbuntuVPS上安装Cassandra并运行单节点集群

介绍

Cassandra 或 Apache Cassandra 是一个高度可扩展的开源数据库系统，在多节点设置上实现了出色的性能。在本教程中，您将了解如何安装 Cassandra（强烈推荐用于 Cassandra 的 Oracle Java VM），以及如何运行您的第一个测试单节点集群。

安装 Oracle Java VM

在您的主目录上创建一个临时文件夹以安装 Java。

mkdir ~/temp
cd ~/temp

Cassandra 文档强烈推荐 Oracle Java VM 8，因此您必须从 Oracle 网站下载它。它需要一个免费帐户，您可以在这里注册。创建帐户后，下载 Java 8 的 32 位或 64 位（推荐）版本。下载后，使用 FTP 或任何其他工具将其传输到您的 VPS。您可以在此处找到有关如何设置 FTP 服务器的教程。

现在提取存档的内容：

tar -zxf jdk-8u65-linux-x64.tar.gz

您现在应该将其移动到正确的文件夹：

sudo mkdir /usr/local/java
sudo mv jdk1.8.0_65/ /usr/local/java

要使其成为您 VPS 上的默认 Java VM，请将这些行添加到 /etc/profile 文件中：

JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/java/jdk1.8.0_65
PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin:$JAVA_HOME/bin
JRE_HOME=/usr/local/java/jdk1.8.0_65
PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin:$JRE_HOME/bin
export JAVA_HOME
export JRE_HOME
export PATH

运行后向下滚动：

sudo nano /etc/profile

并将其粘贴到文件末尾，如下所示：

完成此操作后，按 CTRL+O 保存并按 CTRL+X 退出。接下来，运行以下行，以便在调用“java”命令时，由正确的 VM 执行此操作。

sudo update-alternatives --install "/usr/bin/java" "java" "/usr/local/java/jdk1.8.0_65/bin/java" 1
sudo update-alternatives --install "/usr/bin/javac" "javac" "/usr/local/java/jdk1.8.0_65/bin/javac" 1
sudo update-alternatives --install "/usr/bin/javaws" "javaws" "/usr/local/java/jdk1.8.0_65/bin/javaws" 1
sudo update-alternatives --set java /usr/local/java/jdk1.8.0_65/bin/java
sudo update-alternatives --set javac /usr/local/java/jdk1.8.0_65/bin/javac
sudo update-alternatives --set javaws /usr/local/java/jdk1.8.0_65/bin/javaws

您现在应该重新启动您的 VPS，以便更新所有内容：

sudo reboot

再次建立 SSH 连接时，运行以下命令测试是否一切设置正确：

java -version
echo $JAVA_HOME

如果一切顺利，您应该会看到：

安装 Cassandra

要安装 Cassandra，请从网站下载二进制文件，解压缩并将其移动到您的个人文件夹：

cd ~/temp
wget http://mirror.cc.columbia.edu/pub/software/apache/cassandra/2.2.3/apache-cassandra-2.2.3-bin.tar.gz
tar -zxf apache-cassandra-2.2.3-bin.tar.gz
mv apache-cassandra-2.2.3 ~/cassandra

接下来，确保 Cassandra 访问的文件夹（例如 log 文件夹）存在并且 Cassandra 有权在其上写入：

sudo mkdir /var/lib/cassandra
sudo mkdir /var/log/cassandra
sudo chown -R $USER:$GROUP /var/lib/cassandra
sudo chown -R $USER:$GROUP /var/log/cassandra

现在通过运行设置 Cassandra 的变量：

export CASSANDRA_HOME=~/cassandra
export PATH=$PATH:$CASSANDRA_HOME/bin

运行 Cassandra

要运行 Cassandra 的单节点测试集群，您无需更改 cassandra.yaml 文件中的任何内容。只需运行：

sudo sh ~/cassandra/bin/cassandra

然后运行：

sudo sh ~/cassandra/bin/cqlsh

如果它如下所示显示“已连接到：'Test Cluster'”，那么您现在正在运行您的单节点集群。

root@cassandra:~# sudo sh ~/cassandra/bin/cqlsh
Connected to Test Cluster at 127.0.0.1:9042.
[cqlsh 5.0.1 | Cassandra 2.2.3 | CQL spec 3.3.1 | Native protocol v4]
Use HELP for help.
cqlsh>

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dsalcedo691755 • 2015 年 1 月 5 日

过时的信息，请删除此帖子或更新它。

科迪 • 2014 年 3 月 4 日

我无法让它在 Ubuntu 12.04 上运行。似乎一切都安装了，但是当我加载 cli 时，它告诉我它无法连接到数据库。一切都说我做得对。这篇文章也需要更新，因为 cassandra 已经迁移到 2.0.x 并且需要 java 7。（上面的 Java 链接已损坏。）

sreenathgotur • 2014 年 1 月 14 日

不要使用 1.2.9 或任何其他版本，而是转到 http://www.us.apache.org/dist/cassandra 并用最新版本替换版本，在我的情况下我使用 http ://www.us.apache.org/dist/cassandra/2.0.4/apache-cassandra-2.0.4-bin.tar.gz